Inference questions require you to select an answer choice that is supported by the information presented in the stimulus. The correct answer choice can be a paraphrase of part of the stimulus, a combination of facts, or a logical/mathematical consequence of one or more parts of the stimulus.
The test-makers will try to entice you by creating incorrect answer choices that could possibly occur or are likely to occur, but are not certain to occur. You must avoid those answers and select the answer choice that is most clearly supported by the stimulus. Do not bring in information from outside the stimulus (aside from common-sense assumptions); all of the information necessary to answer the question is in the stimulus.
In this video, I will show you how to attack some of the most challenging numerical inference questions in Critical Reasoning. The key is to focus on the premises, paying close attention to the data, avoid making assumptions, and avoid extreme language.